Robert Okumu Hakim

Agricultural production in arid and semi-arid areas has declined due to low unreliable rainfall, declining soil fertility, and poor agronomic practices. This study was conducted with the aim of contributing towards enhanced green gram productivity in the ASALs through use of conservation tillage methods and mulch application. The experiment had three replicates in a split-split plot arrangement where a randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used. Zero tillage (ZT), conventional tillage and furrow-ridge were the three main tillage systems that composed the main plots. The split plots were no mulch (0 t ha-1 (control) and 3 t ha-1), while in the split-split plots contained variety N26 and KS20 of green gram. Data collected phenology, growth parameters, yield, moisture retention and water use efficiency. The collected data was analyzed using GenStat 15th statistical package. Significant differences in the means were separated using Fisher’s protected at 5 % significance level. Findings showed significant effect of tillage and mulching on phenology, growth, yield, moisture retention and water use efficiency. Varietal difference played key role in growth, nodulation, yield, moisture retention and water use efficiency. Mulched plots had better performance compared to plots without mulch. It is suggested that combination of furrow-ridge with mulch application can potentially increase green gram growth, nodulation and yields in arid and semi-arid environments. Therefore, it is recommended for increased green gram production among farmers amidst climate change concerns especially in dry areas.